Saturday, December 13, 2014

Social media and government: 7 to 14 December 2014

Mexican social media was abuzz after 18-year-old Agustin Flores allowed himself to be set on fire in protest against political corruption in the Mexican state of Chiapas.
President Obama of the USA told ESPN radio last week that social media "Polarizes Society." Around the same time, Twitter suspended the terror group Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) founder Hafiz Saeed's Twitter account. Saeed planned the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks. Just before the account was suspended, Saeed called for Pakistanis to help Kashmiris get "freedom" from India.
In New York, Facebook has attempted to retroactively block search warrants that allowed authorities access to more than 300 Facebook profiles. The warrants investigated the profiles of individuals that lied about disabilities to receive financial support from the government. Photographic evidence found in Facebook profiles showed the individuals participating in water sports and martial arts despite claiming debilitating disabilities.
In an event entitled “Clicks, Tweets and Likes: Canadian Democratic Citizenship in a Digital Age,” Canadian researchers released the results of an ongoing survey looking at the impact of social media and politics in Canada. There is apparently little impact. Sixty percent of Canadians have a Facebook profile and 18 percent have a Twitter account, yet only 15 percent share political content on Facebook and only 5 percent on Twitter. A researcher stated, “We’re finding Canadians don’t spend a lot of time on Facebook or Twitter interacting with politicians, or even with each other. One of the big things they do is go to government websites to get information. People are more interested in e-government than e-politics, more interested in services and less interested in being politically engaged.”
Channel 4 News in the UK successfully uncovered the Indian marketing executive based in Bangalore running Shami Witness, one of the top pro-ISIS Twitter accounts. Shami Witness has since shut down his twitter account and the man allegedly behind the account has been arrested.
In Hungaryanother protest against Prime Minister Viktor Orbán was organised via social media and staged on the streets of Budapest this past Thursday. Called "Our Nation, Our Money," this protest demonstrated against the eviction of the National Gallery and National Széchenyi Library from the Buda Palace to make room for the Prime Minister's office.
The International Criminal Court Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda withdrew charges against Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta for the 2008 post-election violence.  The ICC Prosecutor said social media harassment of protected witnesses and the Kenyan government's refusal to share information hampered her investigation.
The Turkish government's ruling party is allegedly spreading rumours in social and traditional pro-government media that the two Turkish authors Orhan Pamuk and Elif Shafak are part of a pro-West international literature lobby that aims to attack Turkey's government. Pamuk is a Nobel Prize winner and Shafak referred to the massacre of Armenians in one of her novels.
Erlan Karin, the director of the Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the president of Kazakhstan (KazISS) told journalists Tuesday that blocking websites is a reasonable and effective approach to ensuring information security. His statement arose after an ISIS video showcasing Kazakh children circulated on local social media.
Amidst criticism from activists, Facebook's founder Zuckerberg invited Chinese internet regulator Lu Wei to Facebook’s California headquarters and praised the Chinese President Xi's book “The Governance of China.”
Taiwan's Premier Mao Chi-kuo, elected last week, expressly noted that his government will pay more attention to opinions expressed in Taiwan's social media as a means of "standing in the people's shoes."
In India, Uber, the social app used to find a ride home, is in trouble in Indian social media and with the Indian government. After a 27-year-old woman was allegedly raped by her Uber driver in New Delhi, the Indian government banned Uber and all web booking transportation services that had not received regulatory approval from transit authorities. Uber has ignored the ban and continues to operate in India.
Meanwhile, the Indian government this past week cautioned bureaucrats to refrain from sharing confidential material via social media due to concerns that social networks that are not owned or operated in India might have access to sensitive state information.
In the Philippines, Senator Paolo Benigno “Bam” Aquino IV called on citizens and government to use social media to help each other in times of disaster. The typhoon Ruby provided perfect opportunity, and indeed the nation's Ruby Response Cluster, via the Twitter (@rubyresponse) and Facebook accounts (Ruby Response Cluster), among others, used social media to collect and exchange up-to-date information for disaster respondents and victims. There was also a bit of social media banter after a photo of the helmet-less 2016 Presidential hopeful Manuel Roxas II falling off a motorcycle in a muddy, post-Ruby road was circulated.
The Abbott Government in Australia is trying to use social media as a part of a campaign to drum up support for a bill allowing universities to set their own tuition rates. The campaign website and additional outreach are funded by tax payers, which has resulted in a lot of backlash against the campaign itself. 
For more, follow @Linda_Margaret on Twitter.

Saturday, December 6, 2014

Social media in government: 30 November to 6 December 2014

In general news, Facebook blogged in “Making connections to Facebook more secure” that the social network is now directly available to Tor users. This "provides a way to access Facebook through Tor without losing the cryptographic protections provided by the Tor cloud."
In Mexico, the anti-government hashtag #YaMeCanse has been replaced with #YaMeCanse2 after #YaMeCanse mysteriously disappeared on Twitter. Users blame “peñabots,” fake Twitter and Facebook accounts that aim to "confront criticism" against the very unpopular Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto and his government.
The USA democracy watchdog organisation Freedom House published its 5th annual Freedom on the Net report. The report looks into internet freedom in 65 countries between May 2013 and May 2014. Overall, 41 countries created legislation to limit freedom of speech online in some way, 38 countries arrested individuals for online communication (the Middle East and North Africa were highlighted as particularly punitive), and it looks like government is making it increasingly difficult to be an independent news site.
In the USAa New York grand jury decided not to indict the police officer who killed Eric Garner, a 43-year-old black man and father of six in New York City who was doing nothing wrong and was unarmed at the time of his death by strangulation. This kicked off a number of online (and offline) protests under the hashtags #CrimingWhileWhite and #AliveWhileBlack. Meanwhile, the hashtag #HandsUpWalkout remains strong, continuing to spike offline demonstrations in remembrance of the police shooting of an unarmed black youth in Ferguson, Missouri.
The US government has also cautioned soldiers to be careful on social media as ISIS may be tracking US military via their social media accounts. 
Canadians are attacking a #Bill10 Amendment in the province of Alberta. The Amendment makes it possible for schools to avoid allowing students to set up gay-straight alliance on campus. Online protesters, including a Canadian sports star, have criticised the government for promoting discrimination through the amendment.
In the UK, Quilliam, a counter-extremism think tank, issued a white paper called The Role of Prevent in Countering Online Extremism. The white paper calls for the UK Government to develop positive long-term measures to counter extremism, including outreach via social media.
The UK Crown Office issued social media prosecution guidelines this past week. Social media prosecution in the UK may be permissible when social media posts:
  • "specifically target an individual or group and are considered to be hate crime, domestic abuse, or stalking
  • constitute credible threats of violence to the person,damage to property or to incite public disorder
  • may amount to a breach of a court order or contravene legislation making it a criminal offence to release or publish information relating to proceedings
  • do not fall into the above categories but are nonetheless considered to be grossly offensive, indecent or obscene or involve the communication of false information about an individual or group which results in adverse consequences."
In Ukraine, the creation of a new Ministry of Information Policy has caused widespread ridicule on social media. From fake Twitter accounts to trending Tweets renaming the Ministry the "Ministry of Truth", the online backlash has caused Yuriy Stets, the new Ministry's leader and the former head of the Information Security Department of the National Guard of Ukraine, to try to explain the idea behind the Ministry in a Facebook post.
The Kenyan government announced plans to introduce policies to monitor social media abuse by Kenyans. Controversial and sometimes violent content has made it onto social networks following, for example, a recent Mandera Bus Attack.
South Africa remembered the death of leader Nelson Mandela December 5th. Online, the hashtag #RememberMandela allowed users to share memories and images of Mandela's life and legacy.
Turkish columnist Ali Tezel (@tezelali) revealed in a Tweet Monday that he was fired by his paper Habertürk due to personal Tweets criticising the Turkish government's reaction to a mining accident in Soma in which 301 people were killed.
In Egypt, the court dropped all criminal charges against former President Hosni Mubarack, spurring protests. During the Arab Spring, an uprising arguably organised largely via social media, many of those involved called for the immediate dismissal and jailing of the corrupt leader. His release is seen another step backwards, calling into question the effectiveness of the uprising.
Indian Minister for Communications and IT Ravi Shankar Prasad reported to the Indian Lok Sabha that fake or duplicate social media accounts are on the rise in India. "In most of the cases, such fake/duplicate accounts were successfully disabled in association with social networking sites having offices in India," Prasad reported.
study of Chinese social media attacking the Chinese government for its environmental policies (or lack thereof) found that much of the online conversation was hijacked by corporate or government accounts. “Citizens acting online made some real changes to how the government handled the air pollution problem, but government and corporations used the same online tools to advance their own agendas,” a lead researcher noted. The same researcher observed, "The most influential users in the debate were almost entirely composed of government sources, companies or famous individuals."
The Malaysian Communication and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) announced it will monitor social media for seditious remarks as a part of plans to empower the Sedition Act of 1948 and counter online extremism.
Social media in the Philippines is abuzz with jokes following the ill-conceived public service video "Gaga Girl, Bobo Boy" aimed to educate Philippine youth about teen pregnancy. This is not the first government viral video to achieve unintentional popularity.
Finally, the Australian parliament introduced a bill this past week to create a Children's E-Safety Commissioner office.  The Commissioner would work with Australians and social networks to take down posts that constitute cyberbullying. Under the bill social networks could be fined up to 17 000 Australian dollars a day for not taking down identified content. 
For more, follow @Linda_Margaret on Twitter.